The steel industry is an important foundation for the steady and rapid development of the national economy. As an important raw material for steel production, the availability of iron ore and the high and low prices have a major impact on the operation of the steel industry. It is worth noting that in the current iron ore imported from China, there are more and more unqualified products, which not only causes economic losses to China's steel enterprises, but also has a certain negative impact on steel production. According to the statistics of Jiangyin Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, from January to February 2010, Jiangyan Port imported 39 batches of iron ore and 864,400 tons, with a value of 82.6 million US dollars. After inspection by the bureau, it was found that there were 26 batches and 599,700 tons of quality defects, involving a value of 60.47 million US dollars, and the weight ratio reached 70%. The concentrated performance was that the iron content was lower than the contracted value or the port of shipment inspection report. Therefore, strengthening quality supervision is of great significance to guarantee the safe supply of iron ore. According to the situation of the inspection and quarantine institutions, the imported iron ore varieties mainly include powder iron ore, lump iron ore and pellets. The suppliers are Australia, Brazil, India, South Africa, Peru, Chile, Canada. More than 30 countries including Ukraine, Iran, Venezuela, Russia, Mauritania, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, the United States, Malaysia, the Philippines, Mexico, North Korea, Libya, Mongolia, Pakistan, etc., the main suppliers are Australia, Brazil and India. Since China has not yet issued a mandatory standard for iron ore quality, the arrival inspection can only be based on the contract signed by both parties. Some steel companies are vying for supply and neglecting the quality requirements of raw materials. In the contract terms of many domestic traders and small and medium-sized steel mills, the test indicators signed are only typical values, there is no guarantee value, and even the quality requirements of the work are not conducive to the protection of the interests of the receiving party. It is understood that the import iron ore inspection failure rate of most seaports is 43% to 80%. During the inspection and supervision process, the inspection and quarantine institutions found that “short amount of loadingâ€, “filling with waterâ€, “mixing with powderâ€, “filling with wasteâ€, “filling with shoddy†and “extraordinary harmful elements†And safety, environmental protection, hygiene and fraudulent aspects such as “entrainment of debris†have emerged. From the point of view of unqualified quality, the content of impurities such as iron content, moisture, silica and alumina, and the particle size do not meet the contract requirements. First, the iron content decreased. For example, the iron content of Indian iron ore is more than 65% before 2003. At present, it is generally 60%~62%, and the minerals below 60% are gradually increasing, and the quality fluctuates greatly. The iron ore in Brazil, Australia and South Africa is of higher quality. Stable, but the trend of grade decline is obvious. Second, the phenomenon of “recharging with water†is serious. A large number of clear waters have been detected in iron ore imported from Shandong, Ningbo, Tianjin and Jiangsu ports, mainly from iron ore mines in Brazil. Iron ore from India, Canada, Peru, Australia and other countries have also been discovered. The phenomenon of filling the mine is very serious. The existence of a large amount of clear water has caused serious losses to the iron and steel enterprises, bringing a series of problems and hidden dangers to the port environment, operational efficiency, ship turnover and shipping safety. Third, the content of impurity elements is high. For example, in 2009, the content of impurity elements in Ningbo Port was 103 batches, mainly the sulfur and silica content of Peru mines, the silica content of Indian mines, and the sulfur dioxide content of Ukrainian mines. Fourth, the particle size deviation is large. A large piece of primary ore is mixed in the fine ore, or the powder content in the ore is too high. It is particularly worth noting that the imported iron ore quality inspection unqualified items are mainly concentrated on the price index, especially the iron and water content. The Chinese and foreign test results are different. The iron content is high in foreign countries and the water content is tested abroad. The value is low. The difference in iron content of some imported batches exceeds one percentage point, the difference in water content exceeds two percentage points, and the difference between individual batches reaches 4.55 percentage points. There is obvious fraud suspect. First, increase the macro management of imported iron ore and serve the national macro resource policy. Strengthen the self-discipline of the industry, standardize the order of imported iron ore market, increase the management of import licenses, and form a unified pattern of external, total control, selection and elimination, so that the iron ore import order is more standardized and the quality of iron ore imports Further improve. At the same time, as soon as possible, research and develop new methods for inspection and supervision of iron ore mines, explore new technologies for sampling of iron ore mines, strengthen research on testing methods, formulate evaluation criteria for iron ore in Mingshui, and curb iron ore in clear water from regulations and standards. The occurrence of phenomena and the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of domestic consignees. The second is to improve the information management level of imported iron ore and provide information support for macroeconomic regulation and control. At present, China lacks unified management, overall quality dynamic monitoring, analysis and evaluation and decision support system for imported minerals such as iron ore. With the complicated and volatile trade situation of imported iron ore and the increasingly serious quality situation, the author proposes to strengthen the research of basic and cutting-edge information topics, establish and promote the imported iron ore information platform and dynamic monitoring system to provide accurate and accurate macroscopic quality analysis. Comprehensive first-hand data, providing strong information support for in-depth analysis and research, in order to effectively improve the forward-looking, targeted and effective work, and fully play the role of macro management. The third is to improve the risk analysis and early warning mechanism of imported iron ore and implement classified management. Focusing on safety, health, environmental protection and fraud prevention, we will carry out dynamic monitoring research on imported iron ore, comprehensively and quickly collect and summarize the quality and safety information of imported iron ore, and strengthen the risk analysis of imported iron ore from different countries or regions and release. Early warning information. Explore the establishment of an imported iron ore classification management model, improve the pertinence of inspection and supervision, highlight the focus of inspection and supervision, strengthen the inspection and supervision measures, and achieve strict supervision and scientific supervision. The fourth is to plan ahead and actively explore new regulatory models for imported iron ore from containers. In recent years, due to the high sea freight rates of bulk bulk carriers around the world, some liner companies have seized market opportunities and successively launched containerized bulk cargo transportation services, aiming at large bulk cargoes such as iron ore. In order to save transportation costs, imported iron ore from Iran, South Africa and other countries began to use container transportation, and gradually showed a trend of increasing the volume. Judging from the situation reflected by various ports, there are many batches of container iron ore, small batches, and worrying quality. The trade methods are mostly one-vote-one-signed contracts, the trade relationship is unstable, and the risk of commercial fraud is high. The author suggests actively exploring new modes of inspection and supervision of imported container iron ore, promoting the innovation of the operation mode of bulk cargo commodity logistics in box transportation, and further improving the efficiency of inspection and supervision.
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