According to the tool selection command of the numerical control device, the required tool is converted from the tool magazine to the position of the tool, which is called automatic tool selection. In the machine tool magazine, the selection of the tool usually takes the form of a sequential selection tool and an optional tool.
1, machine tool selection knife
The machine tool sequence selection method is to insert the used tool into the tool magazine JJ seat according to the order of the predetermined process, and sequentially transfer to the tool setting position during use. The used tool is placed back in the original holder. The method does not require a tool identification device, and the drive control is simpler and reliable. However, each tool in the tool magazine cannot be reused in different processes. In order to meet the processing needs, only the number of tools and the capacity of the magazine are increased, which reduces the utilization of the tool and the magazine. In addition, you must be very careful when loading the knife. If the tool is not installed in the magazine in sequence, serious consequences will result.
2, machine tool optional tool
The optional tool mode is to arbitrarily select the required tool according to the requirements of the program command. The tool does not have to be arranged in the tool magazine in the order of T and can be stored arbitrarily. Each tool (or tool holder) is coded, and the tool magazine rotates when the tool is automatically changed. Each tool (or tool holder) is recognized by the “tool identification deviceâ€. When the code of a tool matches the code of the NC command, the tool is selected, and the tool magazine sends the tool to the tool change position, waiting for the robot to grab. The advantage of any knife selection method is that the order of the tools in the magazine is independent of the workpiece plus m, and the same tool can be reused. Therefore, the number of tools can be less than that of the sequential tool selection mode, and the tool magazine is correspondingly smaller.
Most of the CNC machines currently use optional functions. The main tools are the following coding methods:
Machine tool coding method
This method is to encode each tool. Since each tool has its own code, it can be stored in any tool holder. In this way, the tool can be reused many times in different Ding sequences, and the used tools are not necessarily returned to the original. In the J-seat, the accident caused by the order of the murderous tools stored in the tool magazine is avoided. However, each tool has a special coding system, the length of the tool is lengthened, manufacturing is difficult, the rigidity is reduced, and the structure of the tool magazine and the robot is complicated.
The specific structure of the machine tool code is provided with equally spaced code rings 2 on the tie rods 4 at the rear end of the shank 1, which are defined by the lock nut 3. The coding ring can be either integrated or assembled by a ring. The diameter of the coding ring can be two or so. The large diameter is binary "1" and the small diameter is ".". Through these two circles
A different arrangement of rings can get a series of codes. For example, it can be composed of six large and small diameter rings to distinguish 63 (261 = 63) kinds of tools. Usually all are. The code is not allowed to be used to avoid confusion with the absence of tools in the holder. In order to facilitate the operator's memory and recognition, the machine tool can also be represented by a binary octal code. The tool coding of THK6370 automatic tool change CNC boring and milling machine adopts two octal, and the six coding rings are equivalent to two octets.
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