First, the main reason for the phenomenon of grape size
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　　 1. The management of fertilizer and water is out of control, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied is too much, and watering is excessive.
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　　 2 , the pruning is unreasonable, resulting in uneven tree strength.
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　　 3 , fertilization is unreasonable, the amount of chemical fertilizer is too large, neglecting the application of organic fertilizer and medium-micro fertilizer, the amount of topdressing before flowering is unreasonable.
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　　 4 , the flowering period is very early, the leaves leave less.
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　　 5 , the flowering frame is dull and the amount of branches is too large, resulting in poor ventilation and light transmission during the flowering period, resulting in flowering abortion, low fruit setting rate, and loose and scattered ears.
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Second, effective measures to control the size of the grain phenomenon
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Water control: before flower, ± 10 cm below the surface of the hand grip can become a suitable group, to irrigation water 2 times before flower general, low-lying or heavy clay soil drench or irrigation water again.
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Controlled fertilizer: no nitrogen fertilizer before flowering, less or no organic fertilizer. Fruit-bearing consequences When the grain length is large, the soybeans need to be large and fat, and the phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be applied from the hard core to the coloring period.
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Reasonable adjustment of plant load: 4 years old or more vines are suitable for about 10 kg, the flowering result is less than 20 cm long and does not leave fruit, more than 20 cm, and the thickness of 1 cm or more remains double-leaf, especially The strong branches at the corners and the tip of the head should be kept with double-leaf fruit or double-branched single-leaf fruit.
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Reasonable pruning: The strong branches with branches less than 25 cm (referring to branches over 1.2 cm thick) should be removed. If the distance between the branches exceeds 20 cm, multi-bud pruning should be adopted to supplement the vacancies. However, when the buds are budded in the spring of the next year, it is necessary to keep the two ends to the middle. If the branch distance is about 25 cm, you can leave 3 buds. When the buds are smeared in the spring of the next year, the top buds are wiped off, leaving 1-2 buds. The strong branches can keep double spikes. As a result, the distance between the branches is 15-20 cm long, leaving the base bud results, and the rest is erased, to keep the tree moderate.
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Breaking pinch point spread: Man pinch point breaking time not too early, 3-5 days before the flower is appropriate, two-bud results Zhizu pinch point to stay a long, one short, spur of 6-8 leaves, long branch (Zhuang Branches) 8-10 leaves are suitable, the ear length is less than 10 cm in length or less, and about 20 cm is 1/5 .
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Twisted fruit branches: 3-4 days before the flower , the branches that are too strong will be twisted, bent or twisted in the upper part of the ear.
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2 using branch results: When near Grape bean large, the phenomenon has been apparent grain size, may be cut at 5-6 foliage leaves above, using the secondary branch results, before the end of time preferably 6 The fruit setting rate is high and the ear is neat, but the maturity period is 7-10 days late .
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Rational use of swelling agents: grape has been evident in the size of grains (15 days after flowering) were dipped ear 1 (or uniform spray fruit). In the fruit grain from the elastic to the coloring period, it is found that there is a fruit cracking phenomenon, and water should be controlled in time or after rain.
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Source: Shanxi Farmers Daily
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