Yesterday, the Ministry of Agriculture held a press conference to authoritatively respond to several major issues in the field of genetic modification. Liao Xiyuan, director of the Department of Science and Technology Education of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that at present, China only approves the cultivation of genetically modified crops such as cotton and papaya. From the perspective of production and consumption practices, genetically modified products that have undergone a rigorous examination and approval by scientists are safe.
Wu Kongming, academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering and chairman of the National Agriculture Genetically Modified Organism Safety Committee, said at the press conference that in the near future many of the things in the guideline for the transmission of genetically modified organisms on the Internet have no scientific basis, and they are basically randomly fabricated.
Wu Kongming said that with the application of genetic modification in our country, there are a lot of things that we think are unscientific, and some may also become rumors. For example, genetically modified corn and soybeans cause cancer. Genetically modified corn causes a decline in sperm motility among Guangxi college students. Genetically modified foods cause infertility. Europeans and Americans do not eat genetically modified foods, genetically modified potatoes cause poisoning in experimental rats, genetically modified corn causes reduced mice, sows suffer from miscarriage, and genetically modified genes. It is becoming a weapon that kills more than atomic bombs. There are many such and such, and we accurately say that it is not practical or scientific. In fact, it is rumored that these are all without facts and have been rejected by the scientific community one by one.
In addition, Liao Xiyuan, Director of the Department of Science and Technology Education of the Ministry of Agriculture, also explicitly mentioned that the genetically modified products approved through safety assessment are safe and give a roadmap for advancing the industrialization of genetically modified crops.
He said that first of all, it is necessary to strictly carry out safety evaluation and safety management in accordance with laws and regulations and obtain safety certificates for production applications. Followed by the road map of non-edible, indirect consumption and consumption, it is necessary to develop non-edible cash crops first, followed by forage crops, processed raw material crops, followed by general food crops, and finally ration crops. Third, we must fully consider the needs of the industry and focus on solving the bottleneck problems that restrict China's agricultural development, such as disease resistance, insect resistance, water saving and drought resistance, and high yield and quality.
â–¡ Focus 1
Genetically modified crops cannot be judged from their appearance
Recently, a “transgenic identification guideline†has been forwarded on the Internet involving dozens of cereals, fruits and vegetables. In this regard, Wu Kongming said that any variety of crops has a wide variety of varieties in terms of its natural distribution of genetic diversity. It is all there, but it exists naturally. It cannot be because we haven't seen it before, and it is compiled into the so-called "method of identifying genetically modified". There is no scientific basis for this.
Wu Kongming said that genetically modified products are divided into two categories: One is our own planting and production, and so far our country has only approved the commercial application of transgenic insect-resistant cotton and genetically modified anti-virus papaya two crops. The other type is imported from abroad. At present, China's imported genetically modified foods include soybeans, corn, rapeseed, and cotton (fibers).
Therefore, the GM-related products that currently circulate on the Chinese market are those that we have approved for planting and that have been approved for import. None of the other products are available. Spread of wheat, rice and tomatoes, garlic, onions, purple potatoes, potatoes, colored peppers, carrots, etc., are not GM varieties. Transgenes are not judged by appearance, only gene identification. Some people say that some tomatoes have changed in shape, but they cannot be considered as genetically modified.
â–¡ Focus 2
Strictly approved GM products are safe
Liao Xiyuan introduced that since the emergence of genetically modified technology, in order to ensure the safety of genetically modified products, the Codex Alimentarius Commission, the UN Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, and the World Health Organization have formulated a series of safety assessment standards for genetically modified organisms, which have become globally accepted evaluation criteria. In accordance with these evaluation criteria, countries have formulated corresponding evaluation norms and standards.
From the perspective of scientific research, many international professional organizations have already reached an authoritative conclusion on the safety of genetically modified products, that is, through the approval of the listing of genetically modified products are safe. From the perspective of production and consumption practices, nearly 30 billion mu of crops have been planted in the commercialization of genetically modified crops in the past 20 years, and no confirmed genetically modified food safety incidents have been found. Therefore, genetically modified products that have undergone safety evaluations by scientists and the government has rigorously approved are safe.
â–¡ Focus 3
There is no so-called phenomenon of genomic infestation
Due to the good insect resistance of transgenic crops, in recent years, some farmers in China have illegally planted unapproved genetically modified crops. For example, media exposure has revealed illegal cultivation of genetically modified rice, soybeans, and corn in local Hubei, Heilongjiang and Liaoning provinces. Is this phenomenon spreading?
"The Ministry of Agriculture has severely investigated and punished the illegal planting of genetically modified crops. There is no so-called abuse of crops. It is generally controllable, but there are indeed cases of illegal scattered cultivation in individual areas." Liao Xiyuan, Director of the Department of Science and Education of the Ministry of Agriculture, said that Hubei Provincial Agriculture Department has already The joint public security department set up a task force to eradicate illegally planted paddy fields. In the routine monitoring organized by the Ministry of Agriculture in recent years, Hubei has found no planting of genetically modified rice; Heilongjiang Provincial Agricultural Commission conducted a thorough investigation and found no illegal cultivation of genetically modified soybeans; Liaoning The Provincial Agriculture Commission, in conjunction with the public security, industry and commerce departments, disclosed three cases of illegal genetically modified corn seeds that had been closed. In 2015, Xinjiang and Gansu also destroyed more than 1,000 mu of corn, and Hainan eradicated more than 100 mu of GM maize, all of which involved the destruction of genetically modified materials.
“The Ministry of Agriculture will establish a supervision, interview, accountability, and reporting system, incorporate the supervision of provinces into the extended performance appraisal of the Ministry of Agriculture, increase the exposure of cases, and require the provincial departments of agriculture to promptly announce and investigate the results of illegal cases. The timely notification and investigation of key cases is progressed and all sectors of society are welcome to supervise and report.†Liao Xiyuan said.
â–¡ Focus 4
Global soybean trade is mainly genetically modified soybean
According to the Ministry of Agriculture’s public information, China imported 81.69 million tons of soybeans last year, mostly genetically modified. Liao Xiyuan said that at present, China's imported soybeans are mainly used in two aspects: first, feed soybean meal, and second, consumption of soybean oil. Taking soybean oil as an example, importing soybeans is necessary and inevitable given the increase in consumption of edible oil by more than one billion people.
"The world's largest soybean exporter, the United States, has a 95% GM soybean cultivation rate. Argentina and Brazil have almost completely planted GM soybeans. Therefore, in the global soybean trade, genetically modified soybeans are mainly used," said Liao Xiyuan.
Liao Xiyuan also said that genetically modified soybeans are safe and have been approved for safety at home and abroad. “Everyone who applies for import safety certificates in China must meet four preconditions: First, the exporting country or region has been allowed to be used for corresponding purposes and put on the market; Second, exporting countries or regions have been scientifically proven to be human, plant, animal, microorganism, and ecology. The environment is harmless; Third, it is tested by the agricultural genetics and technology inspection agency recognized by China and confirmed that there is no risk to humans, animals, microorganisms and ecological environment; Fourth, there are corresponding use safety control measures. After import safety certificate is approved, import and No, how much to import is determined by the market."
Focusing on the development focus of domestic soybeans in the future, Liao Xiyuan introduced that currently there are no mature varieties of genetically modified soybeans, and there is no domestic approval for the production and application of genetically modified soybeans. Recently, domestic soybeans have mainly developed non-transgenic varieties.
â–¡ Focus 5
Genetically modified roadmap ration crop rear
This year’s Central Document No. 1 emphasizes that it is necessary to strengthen the research, development, and supervision of agricultural genetically modified technologies and promote it with caution on the basis of ensuring safety.
Liao Xiyuan said, “China will develop non-edible cash crops first, followed by forage crops, processed raw material crops, once again general food crops, and finally ration crops, according to the roadmap of non-edible, indirect consumption and consumption.â€
According to reports, during the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan†period, China’s genetically modified industry will implement industrialization strategies based on cash crops and raw material crops, strengthen the research and development of cotton and corn varieties, and promote new products such as transgenic insect-resistant cotton and insect-resistant maize. Industrialization process.
In addition, technical reserves will be mainly based on ration crops to maintain the research and development of genetically modified varieties of food crops such as insect-resistant rice and drought-resistant wheat, and to maintain the international leading position in the research and development of transgenic rice varieties. (Source: Beijing Times)
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