First, the building's fire rating
1. The fire-resistant rating of a building is divided into four levels, one of two types and three types of four.
2. The exposed part of the node gap or the metal load-bearing member node shall be fireproof protective layer.
3. The fireproof rating, number of layers, length and area of ​​civil buildings, and the length of one or two largest fire prevention partitions shall be 250 meters . The maximum allowable building area is 2,500 square meters.
4. Mechanical smoke extraction facilities shall be provided for underground rooms, rooms without windows or above ground rooms with fixed window sashes, and evacuation walkways with more than 20m without natural exhaust fumes or evacuation inner walkways with direct natural ventilation but with a length of more than 40m .
5 , other
1 ) The height of the building exceeds 32 meters and mechanical smoke exhaust facilities should be provided.
2 ) The inner corridor is more than 20 meters . Natural light and natural ventilation are provided. Mechanical smoke exhaust facilities should be established.
3 ) The area of ​​more than 100 square meters, mechanical exhaust facilities should be set up.
4) Ventilation and air conditioning system should be set exhaust smoke system should be equipped with mechanical smoke exhaust facilities.
Second, the building fire partition, fire separation and evacuation exit
6. When there are open areas such as galleys and escalators connected to the upper and lower floors in the building, the upper and lower connecting floors should be used as a fire partition.
7. Fire partitions in underground and semi-underground buildings shall be separated by fire walls . The area of ​​each fire partition shall not exceed 500 å»ºç‘ .
8. When setting up an automatic fire extinguishing system, the maximum allowable floor area for each fire zone can be increased to 1000 ?. For local settings, the area to be increased should be calculated as twice as much as the area.
9. Fireproof distance of civil buildings: Fireproof distance between civil buildings, 6 - 9 meters .
10. The number of safety exits for public buildings and corridor-style residential buildings should not be less than two.
Below 11th , 9th and 9th floors, a tower house with a building area of ​​no more than 500 ? can have a staircase
12. Two safety exits must be set at the mouth or evacuation port of a high-rise building safety office
13. Safety exits or evacuation exits in buildings should be decentralized. 2 safe evacuation outlet or exit the building adjacent the edge of the nearest horizontal distance of not less than 5.0m
14, direct access to the public walkway outside the room door to the nearest exit stairway or closing the distance: a two 25 m, the annular channel 22 meters. 25 % increase in building evacuation distance with automatic sprinkler system
15. The first floor of a stairwell shall be provided with a direct external exit. When the number of floors does not exceed four floors, the external exit may be set no more than 15m from the stairwell .
16. The Taiping Gate should be open to the outside.
17. The firewall between the transformer room and the power distribution room shall be equipped with a firewall. The boiler room and the transformer room should be located on the first floor by the external wall, and the door should be opened on the outer wall. Above the opening of the outer wall of the first floor, there should be a window with a width of not less than 1.00m or a window with a height of not less than 1.50m .
Third, outdoor fire hydrant system
18. The net height and net width of a fire lane when passing through a building's door opening should not be less than 4m ; the net width between the thresholds should not be less than 3.5m.
19. The pipeline wells and cable wells in the building shall be separated every 2 to 3 floors with non-burning bodies with a fire-resistance limit of not less than 0.50h . The wellbore walls shall be fire-resistant and shall not be less than 1.00h . Burning body. Checking doors on well wall shall use Class C fire doors
20. The non-burning bodies with the fire-resistance limit of not less than 1 h shall be used for the elevator shaft and the walls of the elevator engine room . The non-burning bodies with a fire-resistance limit of not less than 2.5h shall be used for the indoor elevator shafts of high-rise industrial buildings and the walls of elevator machine rooms.
21. The height of the evacuation balustrade handrail should not be less than 1.1m . For other buildings outside, the tilt angle can be no more than 600, and the net width can be no less than 80cm . This limit can be excluded when the step depth of each level is more than 22cm from the handrail 25cm .
22. Water for firefighting can be supplied by water supply networks, natural water sources or fire fighting pools.
23. The water column of outdoor fire hydrant water gun is still not less than 10m ; ( calculated from the ground ) .
24. The water consumption of outdoor fire hydrants for civil buildings should be 30L /S
25 , calculated according to the construction area.
25. Both the water mains of the annular pipe network and the water pipes carrying water to the ring pipe network should not be less than two
26 , the application of the valve ring into a number of separate sections, the number of fire hydrants in each section should not exceed five . The minimum diameter of outdoor fire-fighting water pipeline should not be less than 100mm
27 , outdoor fire hydrant should be set along the road, when the road width exceeds 60m , it is advisable to set fire hydrants on both sides of the road, and should be close to the intersection
28 , fire hydrant should not exceed 2m from the roadside , not less than 5m away from the exterior wall of the house
29. The distance between outdoor fire hydrants should not exceed 120m . The protection radius of outdoor fire hydrants should not exceed 150m
30, each of the outdoor fire hydrant water should be 10 ~ 15L / s calculated; water pump's water 10L / S - 15L / S
31. High-rise building fire hydrant is not less than 10 meters - 13 meters
32. Outdoor fire hydrant on ground shall have a diameter of 150mm or 100mm and two bolts with a diameter of 65mm
33. Fire-fighting pool should meet the automatic sprinkler duration and calculated by 1h
34. A fire fighting pool is 18 cubic meters. Residential 1 building 12 cubic meters
35. The fire-fighting pool for the fire trucks to take water shall have a protection radius of more than 150m . Fire water tanks for fire trucks shall be provided with water intakes, and the distance between the water intakes and buildings ( except water pump rooms ) should not be less than 15m.
Fourth, indoor fire hydrant system
36. The indoor fire hydrant for civil buildings is generally 20L /S . The layout is not less than 4 . Indoor fire hydrant water: building height greater than 50 meters 10L / S-rise buildings 30L / S.
37. When there are more than 10 indoor fire hydrants and the fire water consumption in the room is greater than 15 L /s , the indoor fire-fighting water supply pipe shall have at least two inlet pipes connected to the outdoor annular pipe network, and the indoor pipes shall be connected into a ring or inlet pipe. With the outdoor pipe into a ring. When an accident occurs in one of the inlet pipes of the ring pipe network, the remaining inlet pipes can still supply the entire amount of water.
38 , high-rise industrial buildings indoor fire riser should be ring, and the pipe diameter should not be less than 100mm
39. The application of valves in indoor fire-fighting water supply pipes is divided into several independent segments.
40. The arrangement of indoor fire hydrants shall ensure that the water column of two water guns reaches any part of the room at the same time. The distance between the two fire hydrant should not exceed 25 meters , and the full water column of the water gun should not be less than 13m water column;
41. The static water pressure at the indoor fire hydrant bolt mouth should not exceed 80m water column. If it exceeds 80m water column, the district water supply system should be adopted. When the outlet pressure of the fire hydrant bolt outlet exceeds 50m water column, there should be pressure relief facilities
42, elevator room fire hydrant should be located, the plug port of 1.1m height from the ground, downwardly or into the effluent Fang Xiangyi provided hydrant wall angle 900
43. The fire hydrants on the same floor should not exceed 30 meters . The landing is 1.1 meters above the ground . The bolt is DN65 . The hose is not less than 25 meters and the water dragon mouth is 20 mm
44. Fire fighting water tanks should store fire water for 10 minutes . When less indoor fire water 25L / s, the required fire water tank fire calculated storage amount is larger than 12m ³, still using 12m ³; indoor fire when the water is greater than 25L / s, calculated desired fire Fire water storage tank greater than 18m ³, still adopt 18m ³
V. Automatic Sprinkler System Types of Fire Sprinkler Systems
45. Underground shops with an area greater than 500 ? should be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system
46. Composition of automatic spray system: alarm valve, control valve, hydraulic alarm, system inspection device, pressure gauge, opening and closing indicator device. And is equipped with flow indicator, pressure switch, auxiliary electric alarm device
47. The alarm valve is installed 1.2 meters away from the ground .
48. Each alarm valve controls no more than 800 wet or pre-action sprinkler heads . 250 50, the exhaust-free dry dry exhaust means
49. The diameter of fire branch pipe shall not be less than 25 . Up to 8 sprinklers per fire branch
Sixth, fire pump
50. There should be no less than two suction pipes for a group of fire pumps. High-rise buildings have anti-overpressure measures
51. The fire pump room should have no less than two outlet pipes directly connected to the ring pipe network.
52 , fixed fire pump should be provided with a spare pump, its working capacity should not be less than a major pump.
53. The fire-fighting pump should ensure that it starts working within 5 minutes after the fire and can still operate normally when the fire is turned off.
Seventh, each mechanical and electrical professional fire design
54. When each ventilation zone of each floor of a multi-storey building and a high-rise industrial building is set up independently for ventilation and air conditioning systems, the junction between the sending and returning air ducts and the main pipe in the protected fire zone may not be. Fire dampers are provided.
55 , fire accident lighting and evacuation signs can be used as backup battery power, but continuous power supply should not be less than 20min .
56. Fire lighting should be set up in the following closed stairwells, smoke-proof stairwells and their front rooms, and the fire elevator front room.
57. Evacuation walkways for closed stairwells or stairwells should be established as required
58. The accident lighting used for evacuation shall have a minimum illumination of not less than 0.5lx . Fire control room, fire pump room, and lighting branch of the generator room shall be connected to the fire distribution line.
59. The scattered indicator should be placed on the top of the Taiping Gate or the evacuation corridor and its corners at a height of 1m below the ground . The distance between the indicator signs on the walkway should not exceed 20m .
Eight, automatic fire alarm and control room
60 , the alarm area divided by the fire zone, an alarm zone can have several fire zones.
61 , the form of fire alarm system: centralized alarm system: regional alarm system; control alarm system (control center), a regional alarm controller can alert multiple floors (see product features) installation location from the ground 1.3 - 1.5 Meter , alarm phone installation location 1.3 - 1.5 meters .
62. Underground shops with a building area greater than 500 meters should have automatic fire alarm devices.
63. An independent fire control room shall have a fire resistance rating of not less than two. Use partition walls with a fire-resistance limit of not less than 3h and floor slabs of 2h , separate from other parts, and install safety exits that pass through the outdoors.
64. The control room shall be equipped with the following functions: receiving fire alarms, emitting sound and light signals of fires, accident broadcasting and safety evacuation instructions, etc.: controlling fire-fighting pumps, fixing fire-fighting devices, ventilation and air-conditioning systems, electric fire doors, valves, and fireproofing coils. Curtains, smoke and smoke protection facilities. Display power supply, fire elevator operation, etc.
65. The fire alarm button is installed 1.5 meters above the ground
66 , the alarm line reserved 100 - 200 mm length, tied into bundles, + red - blue line
67 , the alarm line laying should not have connectors, kinks, wire connectors should be used in the junction box with terminal or solder connection (not more than two each terminal wiring ), plus the nut inside the box. Different voltages, currents, different loops, different systems, and different types of lines cannot be placed in the same slot.
68. Hangers and brackets shall be provided at every 1.5 meters of the trunking and the hanging rod shall not be less than 6mm .
69 , fire power should be a dedicated power supply, not allow plug connector,
70. The control room door is opened to the evacuation direction, allowing return air duct but fire damper should be added. It is forbidden to traverse irrelevant electric lines, leaving 1 meter of channels and maintenance access around the console .
71 , Fire control functions: control the opening and closing of fire fighting equipment; fire pump, smoke, smoke exhaust fan switch; close the fire damper, stop the air conditioning blower; show the location of fire, fault alarm; evacuation channels, exports, etc.; Protection map (simulation map, floor plan); Display of the status of fire power; Equipped with fire alarm emergency broadcast control device
72. The process of fire control status: when the fire alarms; the fire alarm system alarm; the automatic fire extinguishing system starts; the indoor fire hydrant system starts (the fire pump starts); the power is switched (non-fire power outage, emergency fire power start), and Turn on alarms and emergency lighting and evacuation indicator lighting. The elevator was forced to descend on the ground floor; the pressure blower was started (the air outlet was opened), the isolation system was started (the fire shutter was lowered), and the fire door was closed.
73. At least one manual fire alarm device shall be provided for every fire prevention partition. The distance between two manual fire alarm devices shall not exceed 30 meters and the installation position shall be 1.3 - 1.5 meters .
Nine, smoke, smoke exhaust system
74. Buildings in Classes I and II ( above 50 meters in height ) and buildings over 32 meters in height shall be provided with smoke-proof partitions.
75. Smoke prevention partitions generally do not exceed 500 square meters, not more than fire prevention partitions; do not cross fire prevention partitions; anti-exhaust smoke systems are generally set in the corridors, anti-smoke roads, and exhaust shafts, respectively, and the fire resistance level is 1 hour.
76. Smoke prevention and smoke exhaust system of high-rise buildings. It is divided into mechanical pressurized air supply and smoke prevention system and automatic exhaust system (open outside window); automatic exhaust system (open outside window) is divided into: mechanical exhaust system and natural exhaust system that can open outside window.
77. The tower building shall have two evacuation smoke prevention staircases; there shall be an antechamber, and the front chamber shall be equipped with a mechanical pressurized air supply system. A pressure air supply port is arranged every 2 - 3 floors of the stairwell, and the pressure air supply port is provided on each floor of the front room.
78 , smoke-proof stairwells. Combined fire room design air volume 18000 - 20000 . 28000 - 30000M ³ / H. Segment calculation with more than 32 layers
(I) Mechanical pressurized air supply system
79. The mechanical pressure air supply system is installed in the front room, stairwells, pre-combination rooms, and fire extinguishing room. When the stairwell and the pre-fire room pressure supply air system must be used together, a pressure difference automatic adjustment device should be installed; The total pressure of the pressurized air supply system shall be calculated to calculate the head loss of the least effective point, and the remaining pressure shall meet the following requirements:
80 , smoke prevention stairway is 50PA
81 , front room, stairwell, front room, fire elevator front room, refuge room for 25PA
82, every stairwell 2--3 layer is disposed a pressurized air outlet, are each disposed front chamber outlet pressure.
83 , Wind Speed ​​Requirements for Mechanical Pressurized Air Supply System and Mechanical Exhaust System:
1) The metal wind pipe, the wind speed is not more than 20 meters / second
2) concrete pipe wind speed is not greater than 15 m / s
3) delivery outlet wind speed is not greater than 7 Special Screw,Alloy Steel Screw,Stainless Steel Screw,Ceramic Special Screw Zhoushan Jinmao Machinery Manufacturing Factory , https://www.jinmao-machinery.com