Oriental Corporate Culture Corporation and Industry December 2011 Han Ji Zhai Zhang Yanbin (Huozhou Power Supply Company, Huozhou, 031400) and calculation methods, combining domestic and international achievements in the field of electric power in recent years, looking forward to new opportunities and challenges In order to make great progress in this area.
I. Basic Concepts of Reliability of Power Systems and Power Equipment The main components included in a power system are: generators, transformers, switches, transmission lines, etc. Power systems are usually divided into three major categories in the evaluation of power system and power equipment reliability. The component part is (1) power generation system; the reliability of the power system, which refers to the ability of the power system to continuously supply power and electric energy to the power users according to acceptable quality standards and the required quantity. Measurements, specifically, cover both the adequacy and security aspects. Among them, the adequacy refers to the ability of the power system to continuously supply the total power demand of the power users and the ability to maintain the total power. At the same time, considering the planned outage of the power equipment and a reasonable unplanned outage, it can also be called static reliability. Sexuality, as the name implies, refers to the power system's ability to meet the user's demand for electricity and electrical energy under static conditions. Security refers to the ability of power systems and electrical equipment to withstand sudden disturbances. It can also be called dynamic reliability with respect to static reliability. It means that a power system can withstand sudden disturbances under dynamic conditions and be an uninterrupted power user. The ability to provide electricity and electricity.
II. Mission and objectives of reliability assessment In summary, we can see that the task of the power system is to continuously provide unqualified power to the power users, whether they are industrial power or household power users. This requires the power system. With high reliability, all aspects of the power system, from planning to design, from operation to maintenance, are strictly controlled. Therefore, the in-depth study of the reliability of the power system is aimed at the power system: (1) Long-term reliability estimation is the future development planning of the power system; (2) Short-term reliability prediction is for power system development Day/week operation plan.
In order to ensure that the reliability of the power system meets the expected level, from the planning and design of the power system and power equipment to strict control from operation to maintenance, we strive to meet the following standards: (1) Ensure the availability of the entire system Degree; (2) to ensure its safety and take effective measures in practice, on the one hand, the power system can withstand sudden accidents without cutting down on load or blackouts, and on the other hand, it can avoid serious damage to electrical equipment; (3) ) Maintain its integrity, reduce the scope of power outages, and limit the expansion of faults; (4) Ensure that the power system can quickly resume operation after a power outage.
III. PRINCIPLE OF RELIABILITY EVALUATION PRINCIPLE AND RELIABILITY EVALUATION INDICATORS AND METHODS (1) Reliability of power generation system Reliability of power generation system is a measure of the reliability of all power generating units operating in a unified grid. Research on them can ensure the provision of power systems. Adequate power to meet the required power generation capacity, including static capacity and operating capacity. The former refers to the long-term estimation of the actual capacity required to meet a specific load, and can also take into account the installed capacity; the latter indicates the short-term estimation of the actual capacity required to meet a certain load. In the planning stage of the power system, when assessing the power development plan, it is necessary to consider these two aspects for accounting. After making decisions, the demand for short-term capacity is obviously the core issue of power equipment operation.
Before assessing the reliability of the power generation system, it is necessary to understand the relevant raw data, including: The installation of the right must know some, namely: installed capacity and installed load, load curve and planned maintenance schedules. Then, according to the original data, the generator load model and the capacity probability model are established. When the two are combined, the reliability evaluation index results can be obtained. The final analysis can be made considering the system reliability.
Transmission System Reliability The reliability of the transmission system is a measure of the reliability of the electrical equipment involved from the point of supply to the point of supply. The reliability index of the transmission system is similar to that of the power generation system. It also includes both deterministic and probabilistic types. The former covers the maximum line flow and the maximum power/energy deficit, while the latter is basically the same.
Transmission and Distribution System Reliability refers to the measurement of the integrated reliability of the power generation system and the transmission system in a unified grid-connected operation, including both adequacy and security. The complexity of the latter evaluation is much greater than the former, so the model algorithm is now in the initial exploration stage. To assess the degree of adequacy, we must first clarify the reliability criteria; then carry out the accident model and impact analysis. According to our country's reliability test system, software is used to obtain reliability index results and reliability analysis is performed on the system.
Distribution System Reliability The reliability of a distribution system is a measure of the reliability of the entire distribution system and equipment, from the point of supply to the power user, to the distribution substation, the high voltage and low voltage distribution lines, and the access line. The reliability evaluation principle of the distribution system is based on the listed reliability criteria, and the reliability of the distribution system is quantitatively evaluated. Typical analysis methods include the failure mode effect and the reliability prediction analysis method. As with the reliability index of the power generation system, it mainly evaluates the adequacy of the power distribution system. More typical reliability indicators of the distribution system are: system average power outage frequency index (SA old), user average power outage frequency index (CA old), etc. The evaluation of these classic indicators is based on continuous power supply criteria.
The specific method is as follows: Taking the failure mode impact analysis method as an example, first select the expected accidents of the power distribution system; then use the power flow analysis and system remediation for each expected event to generate the accident impact report, and the accidents and their corresponding impact reports are arranged together. Predict the accident table; finally calculate the reliability index results of each load point, combine the system, and make a final analysis of reliability.
With the development of the power industry and the promotion of the knowledge economy, China has made remarkable progress both in depth and breadth in the research and application of power system reliability. China has formed a reliable system for the main power equipment. Sex data statistics system and complete database; independent development of power system and power equipment reliability assessment application software and applied to the actual project and so on. However, as the uncertainty of user demand increases and the market decentralized decision-making process leads to continuous changes in the operating conditions of the power system, the reliability of the power system as the core issue of the power industry will directly affect the development of the country and social progress. And the people's lives, therefore, also need to revise the power system and power equipment reliability criteria, strengthen the basic work of supervision, explore new algorithms, integrate good methods, to increasingly improve the reliability assessment methods.
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