The importance of potash fertilizer to crops has been increasingly concerned by the industry in recent years. China, as a big country in agriculture, is also one of the major international demanders for potash fertilizers. However, there is a shortage of soluble potassium resources in the country, and potassium fertilizer has long been dependent on imports. The insoluble potassium resources in China are extremely large. Therefore, how to convert insoluble potassium resources into potassium for agriculture, reduce imports, and increase self-sufficiency rate are the constant efforts of various domestic potash fertilizer manufacturers and related scientific research institutions.
The insoluble potassium resources mainly include potassium feldspar, nepheline syenite, alumite, potassium-bearing rocks, potash sand shale, and illite, which are widely distributed. Potash feldspar is one of the most abundant minerals in the earth's crust and is distributed in some sedimentary rock formations and almost all igneous rocks. Potassium feldspar is a potassium-containing framework-like silicate, and it is the most common building rock mineral. It mainly occurs in magmatic rocks and metamorphic rocks. It also exists in sedimentary rocks, mainly clastic rocks, and has large reserves in the earth's crust. , widely distributed, but only after the enrichment can become industrial minerals. According to relevant data, it is estimated that the amount of insoluble potassium ore in China is more than 100 billion tons, which contains more than 10 billion tons of K2O (redundant) resources. Combined with the characteristics of China's geological characteristics and distribution of rock types, it can be roughly predicted that the prospective ore volume of China's potassium-rich rocks may be more than 200 billion tons, and the prospective resources containing K2O (refined) may be greater than 20 billion tons.
Compared with the limitation of the distribution of soluble potassium resources, the mineral resources of potassium feldspar are abundant. At present, there are 244 proven mines with certain reserves, and the identified ore resources amount to 2.202 billion tons, of which more than half have not yet been exploited. The K-feldspar minerals are mainly distributed in Wenxi Wenjiapo in Shanxi, Hengshan in Hunan, Wangcang in Sichuan, Haicheng in Liaoning, Anhui, Xintai in Shandong, Linfen in Shaanxi, Altay in Gansu, and Altai in Xinjiang. These areas are likely to become such fertilizers in the future. Kind of production base. In addition, nepheline syenite identified 320 million tons of resource reserves; Mingluoshi identified resource reserves of 189 million tons.
Potassium-bearing rocks and potash-bearing sand shales used for the production of potash fertilizers generally require a K2O content of more than 9%. As of the end of 2010, China's potassium-bearing rocks identified 177 million tons of ore reserves (ores), and the reserves of potassium-containing sand shales identified 4.861 billion tons of ore (that is, ore), that is, conservative reserves of insoluble potassium minerals amounted to 920 million tons (or K2O). .
With the continuous development of science and technology, through the joint efforts of people in the industry for many years, the insoluble potassium resource has been able to develop and produce agricultural fertilizer. The first batch of pioneers have also developed their own technologies.
South China University of Technology has been working on the use of calcium-based industrial solid waste since 2004, such as de-ash ash, paper mill white mud, smelter metal slag, calcium carbide slag, building material factory waste, alkali plant alkali slag, etc. . The field experiments conducted by K-feldspar and K-feldspar using K-feldspar and de-ashed slag in Guangdong showed that the increase in yield was as high as 11.12% to 23.30%, the quality of the crop was improved, and the soil had a good improvement effect. In addition, the combination of waste utilization and the K-feldspar development model not only solves the problems of the disposal and disposal of various calcium-based solid wastes, eliminates secondary pollution that may be brought to the environment, but also reduces the production costs of fertilizers. The real sense of turning waste into treasure.
Anhui Huayue Mineral Materials Co., Ltd. uses "co-melting technology to prepare molten phosphorus and potassium fertilizers", "combined technology to prepare sustained-release nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers," "combined technology for the preparation of release-promoting potash fertilizer," and "microcrystallization and biological Integrated technology for the preparation of bio-organic composite slow-release phosphate and potassium fertilizers and other five insoluble potash fertilizer production technology, walk in the forefront of the industry. Huayue Company has the prospecting and mining rights for high-quality potash feldspars in the hot spring area of ​​Yuexi County, Anhui Province. The company has invested in the establishment of the "Potassium feldspar Development Industry Park in Yuexi County, Anhui Province", with a reserve of 380 million tons of potash minerals in the park. The amount is more than 150 million tons and K2O content is above 11%. Its current level of technology can ensure that K2O content in potash products exceeds 30%. Relevant person in charge of Huayue Company stated that in the future, Anhui's mineral potash fertilizer R&D and industrialization bases will be established to develop series potash fertilizers and mineral potash fertilizer products. At the same time, product fertilizer efficiency tests and environmental impact assessment tests will be conducted to formulate corresponding fertilization technical regulations and enterprise products. Technical standards to promote the development of mineral potash fertilizer engineering technology to ensure the sustainable development of China's agriculture.
The potassium-silica-calcium microporous mineral fertilizer product developed by the Institute of Mineral Resources of the Chinese Academy of Sciences is an effective nutrient form that converts potassium and all trace elements in a potassium-rich rock into plant-absorbable, making the stone a natural ecological multi-element. Microporous mineral fertilizers, which supplement the trace elements in the soil, promote balanced fertilization of the crops and restore soil productivity. In addition, companies such as Shanxi Ziguang Potash Industry Co., Ltd. and Shanxi Fubang Fertilizer Industry Co., Ltd. have made great progress in the development of insoluble potassium resources.
However, the development of the industry is a constant process of renovation and renewal. At present, the country has temporarily positioned the potassium feldspar products on soil conditioners. It also needs to verify whether there are hidden problems in the long-term use of the products. This requires time and technology to continue to improve. Industry experts and scholars have put forward higher hopes for insoluble potash fertilizer. In the future, a large number of tests must be conducted to verify the effect of this type of fertilizer on different crops. There is still a lot of work that requires all parties to continue their efforts.
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