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The laser that is always used for heating can actually cool water or other liquids under normal temperature and pressure. This is the latest research result published by UW researchers in the “Journal of the National Academy of Sciencesâ€. They successfully used infrared laser to cool water to 36 degrees Fahrenheit (about 2.2 degrees C), achieving a major breakthrough in this field. .
According to Pete Bauzowski, senior author of the thesis and associate professor of materials science and engineering at the university, this is the first time that a liquid such as water is cooled by a laser beam under normal temperature and pressure. Los Alamos National Laboratory has demonstrated vacuum laser cooling in 1995, and UW's research team proved it in liquid after 20 years.
The research team chose infrared light as the cooling laser because infrared light does not damage the living cells like visible light. They used infrared lasers to irradiate the microscopic crystals suspended in the water, igniting a unique glow with slightly more energy than the absorbed light. This higher energy glow took away heat from the microcrystals and water. .
The researchers also designed an instrument to capture the laser light, like a miniature traction beam that can "hold" a nanocrystal surrounded by a liquid. The instrument can also project a "shadow" of microcrystals, allowing researchers to determine whether the liquid has cooled by observing small changes in its motion. In addition, they also designed a microcrystal that can change color from blue-green to red-green when cooled, like a built-in color thermometer.
This achievement helps to achieve “fixed-point coolingâ€, such as the possibility of using laser beams to cool specific parts of computer chips in the future, prevent overheating, and make it more efficient in processing information; it can also use lasers when cells are split or self-repaired. The beam cools a part of it and slows down the biological process, allowing researchers to see how they work, such as cooling a single neuron in a neural network, making it silent and not hurting it to see it How neighbors bypass their reconnection.
To date, the team has used only a single nanocrystal to demonstrate the cooling effect. Exciting multiple crystals requires more laser energy. Bowozowski said that the current laser cooling process is energy intensive. In the future, it will also look for ways to increase efficiency. The laser cooling technology, like laser heating, is widely used in manufacturing, communications, and defense. (Reporter Chang Lijun)
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