At present, the commercialized thin-film solar panels on the market are composed of rare earth elements such as indium and gallium, or highly toxic metals such as cadmium. However, these two types of thin-film solar panels have their own problems, such as high cost. Cannot be used in living places, etc.
(Image source: Daegu Kyungbuk Institute of Science and Technology)
According to foreign media reports, a team of scientists led by Dr. Jin-Kyu Kang and Dr. Dae-Hwan Kim at the Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) in South Korea has been conducting experiments to seek to make solar energy with cheaper and more abundant elements. solar panels. Dr. Kang said: “There are researches around the world using bronze (Cu-Sn) and brass (Cu-Zn) as basic materials to make thin-film solar cells because these materials are non-toxic, rich in reserves, low cost, and high in durability. And sustainable."
However, the use of such alloys in thin film technology also has disadvantages. Although the theoretical efficiency of solar panels made of such alloys is comparable to that of the top products on the market, in practice, their performance is often far behind. This is because such materials will form various defects such as "point" defects and "surface" defects during the "annealing" (or heating and cooling to make CZTSSe thin films, that is, copper, zinc, tin, sulfur and selenium thin films). And "volume" defects. Such defects can disrupt the flow of current and cause loss of power generation.
Therefore, scientists hope to find a way to synthesize the best quality CZTSSe thin film. They adjusted the annealing process, which has a great impact on the grain size of the CZTSSe film: the longer the annealing time, the higher the annealing temperature, the larger the crystal grains, and the smaller the power loss.
However, as the annealing temperature and annealing time increase, the properties of the CZTSSe film will change due to decomposition. In order to solve this problem, the research team adopted a special "liquid assisted method" that allows CZTSSe grains to grow at a faster rate, which means that the grains can grow even at low temperatures, thereby preventing CZTSSe thin films The performance has changed.
With this new discovery, a major obstacle in the search for low-cost, environmentally friendly solar energy has been overcome. Dr. Kim said: "Our technology has many applications, including electronic equipment, household products, buildings and automobiles. The best aspect is that CZTS solar cells do not have the disadvantages of toxic and rare metals. We can install them wherever we want. Place." (Yu Qiuyun)
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