Li Tianlai: Director of the Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Liaoning Province, Vice Chairman of the China Agricultural Engineering Society and Director of the Professional Gardening Engineering Committee.
The completion of a modern greenhouse does not mean the complete success of modern horticultural production methods. How to rapidly establish a high-yield, high-quality and safe production technology system for the major fruit and vegetables in greenhouses suitable for China's national conditions has quickly been placed in front of various member units of the research group. We are gratified that through integrated innovation, we have initially established a standardized high-yield, high-quality and safe production technology system for greenhouse main fruit and vegetables, which has more than doubled the maximum yield of tomatoes and cucumbers in the greenhouse, reaching more than 30 kg per square meter, and has a large area. The promotion has achieved remarkable social and economic benefits. This is a historic leap over the main fruit and vegetable cultivation techniques of greenhouses in China, and provides technical support for comprehensively improving the market competitiveness of greenhouse fruit and vegetable products in China.
The historic leap in the realization of the main fruit and vegetable cultivation techniques in China's greenhouses involves a series of technological innovations and integrations. We focus on the cultivation model of energy saving, high yield, high quality and harmlessness of tomato and cucumber, focusing on technology selection in the selection of species, cultivation of strong seedlings, fertilizer and water management, environmental control, fertility barriers, prevention and control of continuous cropping obstacles, and pest and disease control. Innovation and integration. At the same time, we will also build these technical innovations into an expert management system that facilitates the mastery and application of producers' technologies.
Specifically, we have established a knowledge base of management expert systems for greenhouse tomato and cucumber growth, yield prediction, variety selection, and pest control. These include ecological factors regulating production and management techniques for greenhouse cucumbers and tomatoes at various growth stages, and pests and diseases. Symptoms and onset conditions and prevention techniques occur. A practical, intelligent, networked greenhouse cucumber and tomato cultivation management expert system was developed; a simulation model of cucumber and tomato growth was established, and a negative exponential function model of the photosynthetic rate of the single leaves of greenhouse tomato and cucumber was established. The average assimilation material model for dry matter synthesis of the whole plant unit and the growth respiration efficiency model of the whole plant were established; the daily dry matter growth rate model and dry matter accumulation model of the plant were established; the plant dry matter distribution model was established and developed. The greenhouse crop cultivation model simulation and cultivation management expert decision support system can provide the basis for on-line real-time control of intelligent environmental control system, and can also provide greenhouse engineering technology, scientific research personnel and cultivation production managers with greenhouse environment regulation and production in offline manner. Management consulting services.
In addition, we have established a standardized cultivation technology system for tomatoes and cucumbers in large-scale multi-span greenhouses in different regions, that is, selection of cucumbers and tomatoes in large-scale multi-span greenhouses, planting arrangements, nursery, plant adjustment, environmental control, fertilizer and water management, and comprehensive pest management. On the basis of technological integration and innovation, a high-yield, high-efficiency, soilless cultivation technology system for cucumbers and tomatoes in large-scale multi-span greenhouses has been established. Technical regulations for high-yield, safe and soilless cultivation of tomatoes and cucumbers in large-scale multi-span greenhouses have been proposed and implemented at demonstration sites. The annual yield of tomato reached 40.7 kg/m2 and 38.3 kg/m2, respectively. This is the highest yield indicator for tomato and cucumber in the multi-span greenhouse, and the quality has reached the export standard, which better meets the people's demand for high quality and safe fruits.
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