Igneous rock
Rock formed by magma formed in the earth's crust and mantle and condensing in the case of intrusion or discharge.
Metamorphic rock
Magmatic rock or sedimentary rock changes the structure of the rock formed under the influence of temperature and pressure.
Sedimentary rock
Rocks on the surface or near the surface that have been weathered (mechanically or chemically decomposed) and then transported for sedimentation by diagenesis (compaction, cementation, recrystallization). Sedimentary rocks account for 75% of the total rock area on the land surface. Sedimentary rocks are closely related to the generation and accumulation of petroleum. It is the main object of oil geological work.
Clastic sedimentary rock
Under the destructive effect of mechanical forces (wind and hydraulic forces), the rocks that have been transported and deposited after the original rock destroyed the debris. For example, sandstone, loess, etc. Pyroclastic rocks are the direct deposits of volcanic erupted debris.
Chemical sedimentary rock
Various materials deposit rocks formed by chemical reactions (dissolution, precipitation chemical reactions). Such as rock salt, gypsum and so on.
Rock structure
Refers to the relationship between particles, rocks, and cement.
Rock structure
Refers to the arrangement of the particles that make up the rock.
Rock formation stratum stratum
The rock masses consist of rocks that are basically consistent in composition and basically stable in a large area.
Layered bedding
A layered structure of sedimentary rock composed of many parallel-bounded rocks.
Horizontal bedding
Levels are parallel and horizontal layers. Horizontal bedding means that the deposition environment is quite stable. Such as deep lake deposition.
Wavy bedding
The layers undulate like waves. The surface of the coast or lakeshore is formed by the waves of water.
Staggered layering cross bedding
A series of layers alternates layers into layers of layers. The formation of layers due to changes in the flow or hydrodynamic direction of the deposition environment.
Sedimentary cycle
A combination of rock particles that repeat vertically and upwardly.
Positive rotation
The rock from the bottom up is made of coarsely attenuated rock structure. For example, the combination of conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone from bottom to top.
Reverse cycle
Rocks from the bottom up are finely thickened rock formations. For example, the group consisting of mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, and conglomerate from bottom to top
2
Together.
Compound cycle
Fine sedimentation at the bottom of the middle coarse top. For example, the top of the mudstone is sandstone in the middle.
Sedimentary rhythm
The composition, structure, or color of rock formations are regularly repeated.
Sedimentary facies sedimentary facies
It refers to a specific rock combination formed in a particular depositional environment. For example, rivers and lakes are equal. Deposition unit leveling is relative. The division of the sedimentary facies should be based on the actual development of the oilfield. For example, the river is a big phase, braided river,
The meandering river and the meshed river are subphases, and the point dams, natural banks, and bursting fans of the meandering river are microfacies.
Sedimentary microfacies
Refers to the smallest unit in the sub-facies with unique rock structure, structure, thickness, rhythm and other profile features on the profile and a certain degree of plane configuration.
Development system series of development strata
It is a set of sand-shale and mudstone-bearing oil-gas-bearing layer combinations that can be contrasted in sedimentary basins.
Oil layer group
In the full section of the hydrocarbon-bearing strata, there is a clear segmentation of a well log curve. There are obvious changes in the lithology or lithology combination of these segments, and the oil level is significantly different. It can be classified as a reservoir group.
Sand group sands group
The development zones of adjacent oil and gas reservoirs in the oil and gas reservoir group are divided into sand layers, and some oil fields and sand layers are combined into one section.
Small layer
In the sand group, the oil and gas layers separated by the non-permeability layer are divided into a small layer.
Oil sand body
Also known as a single oil layer, a small layer may contain several monolayers, or it may be a single layer.
Standard floor
In the sedimentary section, signs with stable lithology, outstanding features, extensive distribution, and easy-to-identify well log curves, such as fossil beds, oil shales, etc.
Auxiliary standard layer
Refers to the characteristics of the standard layer or some features, standard layout of the distribution of the limit.
Logo layer key bed
The lithology combination is obvious and the logging curve can be identified in the interval. It can be used as a marker layer.
Stratum loss
In the course of stratigraphic comparison, the relative stratigraphic standard profile lacks certain strata. It can be formed by erosion of the strata, lack of strata, or strangling of strata.
Stratum pinch out
Rock formed by magma formed in the earth's crust and mantle and condensing in the case of intrusion or discharge.
Metamorphic rock
Magmatic rock or sedimentary rock changes the structure of the rock formed under the influence of temperature and pressure.
Sedimentary rock
Rocks on the surface or near the surface that have been weathered (mechanically or chemically decomposed) and then transported for sedimentation by diagenesis (compaction, cementation, recrystallization). Sedimentary rocks account for 75% of the total rock area on the land surface. Sedimentary rocks are closely related to the generation and accumulation of petroleum. It is the main object of oil geological work.
Clastic sedimentary rock
Under the destructive effect of mechanical forces (wind and hydraulic forces), the rocks that have been transported and deposited after the original rock destroyed the debris. For example, sandstone, loess, etc. Pyroclastic rocks are the direct deposits of volcanic erupted debris.
Chemical sedimentary rock
Various materials deposit rocks formed by chemical reactions (dissolution, precipitation chemical reactions). Such as rock salt, gypsum and so on.
Rock structure
Refers to the relationship between particles, rocks, and cement.
Rock structure
Refers to the arrangement of the particles that make up the rock.
Rock formation stratum stratum
The rock masses consist of rocks that are basically consistent in composition and basically stable in a large area.
Layered bedding
A layered structure of sedimentary rock composed of many parallel-bounded rocks.
Horizontal bedding
Levels are parallel and horizontal layers. Horizontal bedding means that the deposition environment is quite stable. Such as deep lake deposition.
Wavy bedding
The layers undulate like waves. The surface of the coast or lakeshore is formed by the waves of water.
Staggered layering cross bedding
A series of layers alternates layers into layers of layers. The formation of layers due to changes in the flow or hydrodynamic direction of the deposition environment.
Sedimentary cycle
A combination of rock particles that repeat vertically and upwardly.
Positive rotation
The rock from the bottom up is made of coarsely attenuated rock structure. For example, the combination of conglomerate, sandstone, siltstone, and mudstone from bottom to top.
Reverse cycle
Rocks from the bottom up are finely thickened rock formations. For example, the group consisting of mudstone, siltstone, sandstone, and conglomerate from bottom to top
2
Together.
Compound cycle
Fine sedimentation at the bottom of the middle coarse top. For example, the top of the mudstone is sandstone in the middle.
Sedimentary rhythm
The composition, structure, or color of rock formations are regularly repeated.
Sedimentary facies sedimentary facies
It refers to a specific rock combination formed in a particular depositional environment. For example, rivers and lakes are equal. Deposition unit leveling is relative. The division of the sedimentary facies should be based on the actual development of the oilfield. For example, the river is a big phase, braided river,
The meandering river and the meshed river are subphases, and the point dams, natural banks, and bursting fans of the meandering river are microfacies.
Sedimentary microfacies
Refers to the smallest unit in the sub-facies with unique rock structure, structure, thickness, rhythm and other profile features on the profile and a certain degree of plane configuration.
Development system series of development strata
It is a set of sand-shale and mudstone-bearing oil-gas-bearing layer combinations that can be contrasted in sedimentary basins.
Oil layer group
In the full section of the hydrocarbon-bearing strata, there is a clear segmentation of a well log curve. There are obvious changes in the lithology or lithology combination of these segments, and the oil level is significantly different. It can be classified as a reservoir group.
Sand group sands group
The development zones of adjacent oil and gas reservoirs in the oil and gas reservoir group are divided into sand layers, and some oil fields and sand layers are combined into one section.
Small layer
In the sand group, the oil and gas layers separated by the non-permeability layer are divided into a small layer.
Oil sand body
Also known as a single oil layer, a small layer may contain several monolayers, or it may be a single layer.
Standard floor
In the sedimentary section, signs with stable lithology, outstanding features, extensive distribution, and easy-to-identify well log curves, such as fossil beds, oil shales, etc.
Auxiliary standard layer
Refers to the characteristics of the standard layer or some features, standard layout of the distribution of the limit.
Logo layer key bed
The lithology combination is obvious and the logging curve can be identified in the interval. It can be used as a marker layer.
Stratum loss
In the course of stratigraphic comparison, the relative stratigraphic standard profile lacks certain strata. It can be formed by erosion of the strata, lack of strata, or strangling of strata.
Stratum pinch out
Universal Tensile Testing Machine
A Universal Tensile Testing Machine, also known as a universal testing machine (UTM) or a materials testing machine, is a versatile instrument used to determine the mechanical properties of materials. It is commonly used in industries such as manufacturing, construction, and research laboratories.
The machine applies tension, compression, bending, and shear forces to test the strength, elasticity, and durability of various materials such as metals, plastics, textiles, rubber, ceramics, and composites. It can measure parameters such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, modulus of elasticity, and fracture toughness.
A typical UTM consists of a load frame, grips or fixtures to hold the specimen, a load cell or force transducer to measure the applied force, and a displacement transducer to measure the deformation or displacement of the specimen. The machine is controlled by a computer or a control unit that allows the user to set the testing parameters and record the test data.
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