The DLP (Digital Light Processing) large-screen display system is the highest-end technology in the large-screen display industry and provides an irreplaceable product for true 7*24-hour work monitoring needs.
First, the importance of light sources in DLP systems
The light source in the DLP system is designed as an alternative component. Unlike the LCD and the LED, the light source part is an independent subsystem and generally consists of four parts: a light emitting component, a power supply component, a heat dissipation component, and a structural component. The light source subsystem is an important subsystem of the DLP system, which has a major impact on the DLP product and affects the design of the entire DLP system.
1, the light source determines the quality of the DLP system image
The selection of the light source determines the important index of the DLP system and determines the initial value of the system brightness, uniformity, and contrast. As the system providing light energy for the entire system, the image of the DLP system plays a decisive role.
2. The light source determines the stability of the DLP system
The light source system has a large amount of heat and a high temperature, and its stability plays a decisive role in the stability of the entire system. In the early stages of the development of the DLP system, many systems were designed as dual light systems to ensure the stability of the overall system because their stability cannot be fully guaranteed. Almost every early DLP manufacturing company has also experienced the nightmare of a continuous explosion of light and has gone through a difficult process of growth.
3, light source determines the maintenance cycle of DLP products
Due to the characteristics of the light source system, it is unavoidable that there are decay cycles, and the decay cycle of each product is relatively uncontrollable. This causes the product to have a relatively large change in color and brightness after being delivered to the customer for a certain period of time and needs maintenance. The period of maintenance is determined by the light source and other reasons, of which the light source plays a decisive role.
4, light source determines the maintenance cost of DLP products
Light sources are an important part of DLP products. The choice of different light sources will also have different costs for the maintenance of DLP. Because the development maturity of the light source technology is different and the service life is different, in the later period of maintenance, the original device price and update frequency that need to be updated are not all the same, thus resulting in the difference in the maintenance cost.
Second, the classification of common light sources
There are roughly four types of light sources in the DLP system: UHP, LED, LASER, and hybrid light sources. This article only discusses and compares the first three in detail.
1, UHP light source
The UHP (UltraHighPerformance) light source is the only available light source for DLP systems until 2010. UHP is an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, its long life, generally 100/120W nominal 8000 hours, the longest even nominal 12,000 hours, the cumulative working hours of 4000 hours after the brightness does not appear significant attenuation; 200/250W service life In about 3,000 hours. Because the light emitted by UHP bulbs is an ideal cold light source, it is now commonly used in front projection projectors and DLP and LCD (early rear projection large screen) rear projection splicing walls, the main providers of which are PHILIPS and OSRAM.
2, LED light source
The basic structure of an LED (Light Emitting Diode) is an electroluminescent semiconductor material placed on a leaded shelf and then sealed with an epoxy resin around it to protect the inner core. Therefore, the LED has good anti-vibration performance. LED began R&D in 2004 and continues to divide the market after 2010. Currently, it has occupied half of the DLP system. Its main providers are OSRAM and LUMENUS.
3, LASER light source
LASER light source is an electric light source that emits light under the action of stimulated radiation. It is a coherent light source. The LASER light source system began its research and development in 2008. It began segmenting the market in 2011. It is also used in high-brightness front projection such as digital cinema in the DLP display system, and it entered the DLP splicing system in 2012. Its main provider is NICHIA and so on.
4, hybrid light source (not described in detail)
Hybrid light source system, this article believes that the LED light source supplement, mainly to solve the problem of insufficient green light LED light source brightness, LED (R\B)+LASER (G) products began to appear in 2011.
Third, the working principle of various types of light source introduction 1, UHP light source works
The UHP light source is an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp that is activated by a high-voltage breakdown arc of 20 kV, and generally uses a fan as its heat dissipation method. The UHP light source emits white light through the transmission color wheel, producing a color whose size depends on the color distribution of the color wheel. For the sake of brightness, the white part is generally added to the color wheel to increase the brightness of the white color, but at the same time, the distribution of the color gamut is reduced. UHP light source has passed over 15 years of use, and it is technically mature and reliable. Due to the home appliances of some products, the cost is relatively low. UHP patents are mastered by PHILIPS and may later reach an average life of 20,000 hours.
2, the working principle of LED light source
An LED, that is, a light-emitting diode, is a semiconductor solid-state light-emitting device. Generally, a cooling medium is used as a heat-dissipating main mode. Because there are red, green, and blue LEDs of different colors, the LED light source system does not require a color wheel. However, due to the lack of brightness, it is currently necessary to work in the same color as three groups of lights. The early light intensity of the LED light source cannot be increased, and the green light is the brightness bottleneck. At present, DLP products equipped with OSRAM LED light source can reach a typical value of 1000lm, and fine selection of individual products can reach 1200lm, basically solving the problem of brightness. However, due to the multi-color multi-distribution, the attenuation of multiple LED light sources cannot be controlled. At present, the color drift is more dependent on the product design capabilities of various manufacturers.
3, LASER laser light source works
LASER is a laser light source, and the system consisting of red, green and blue three-color lasers is too large and the price is prohibitive. It is currently used in front projectors such as digital cinema. We are here to introduce the blue laser emitted by the laser generator, through the fluorescent pink wheel, changed to red, green, and blue. Some manufacturers use the laser plus pink wheel system as the LPD (Laser PhosphorDisplay) system. The products currently used in the splicing system are mostly fluorescent pink wheels. It is generally believed that the average lifetime of the laser generator is 40,000 hours, but there is no accurate estimate of the lifetime of the fluorescent pink wheel. The system is similar to the UHP light source system.
Fourth, on the reliability of the light source
There are many factors that can affect the reliability of the light source, and instead of using an LED light source, the average life span will be longer, and the design of the system will depend more on the entire system.
There are several factors that affect the life of the light source:
1, temperature and humidity
Regardless of the light source, the requirements of temperature and humidity are the first ones. The influence of temperature and humidity on lamp life is decisive. Regardless of UHP lamp or current LED lamp, lowering the temperature is the biggest problem for every designer. Every 10 degrees increase in temperature, the life of the light source is reduced by half. Increased humidity also reduces the life of the light source.
2, current and voltage
After the UHP lamp is triggered, it can ensure a stable voltage and current, and will not change with the change of the external voltage. However, in the early period when the brightness of the UHP lamp is not enough, some manufacturers may adjust the output current to make their products appear brighter. In the case that the brightness of the LED light cannot be guaranteed, some manufacturers overOVER 25% in order to increase the brightness of the product, and more manufacturers OVERLAP30%, the consequence is that the life expectancy is reduced.
3, dust and corrosion
Dust and corrosion are related to the use environment and the micro-environment of product design. Of course, dust is fatal to the entire DLP system. At present, manufacturers use various dust-proof systems to reduce the effects of dust and chemical corrosion. Of course, when the cooling and dustproof design contradictory bodies are put together, the design is very difficult.
4, other
Thermal distortion and optical path design of the mechanical structure also affect the reliability of the light source.
Fifth, the advantages and disadvantages of various types of light sources 1, brightness contrast
In terms of brightness contrast, LASER is the highest, UHP can use the dual lamp stacking form, it can also provide 1600lm brightness, in this PK, LED can not win. Due to the fact that the brightness of all kinds of light sources is basically enough, we gave UHP, LED, LASER 9 points, 8 points and 10 points respectively.
2, the average life expectancy
The average life is defined as the brightness of 50% of the light source is maintained at more than 50% of its rated brightness when operating to the above rated life.
UHP light source is still struggling to increase its life (up to 20000 hours later), LED light-emitting diode stability has been recognized, the brightness of the LASER light source due to the life of its fluorescent pink wheel can not be verified, temporarily set to 40,000 hours. This round of battle, LED light source wins. We gave UHP, LED, LASER 5 points, 10 points and 8 points respectively 3. Reliability comparison
The LED light source does not have a color wheel, reducing one optical part. The color wheel (COLORWHEEL) acts as a rotating machine and is rotated by a motor. The mean time between failures (MTBF) is basically 20,000 hours. The color wheel is the smallest part of the DLP system MTBF, and its impact on reliability is enormous. The general color wheel appears in consumables in the DLP system. Both the UHP light source and the LASER light source have color wheels. The LED light source reduces one consumable part. Still LED light source wins. We scored 9 points, 10 points and 7 points for UHP, LED and LASER.
4, maintenance cycle comparison
UHP light source and LASER light source (LPD) are a group of light sources, and their attenuation and color coordinate changes depend on a single part. The LED light source consists of three groups of different color lights, each group has six lights, the attenuation of different color lights The degree cannot be consistent, causing the color to drift too much and must be adjusted after a certain period of time. The above data is provided by the Color Technology Engineering Service Department. The maintenance time of the LASER light source is not confirmed. UHP wins this round, but none of them has reached the goal of maintenance-free. We give UHP, LED, and LASER 5, 3, and 4 points, respectively.
5, price comparison
The UHP light source has improved over the past 15 years, and the technology is very mature. There are fewer products to be updated on the system, and the prices of LED light sources and laser generators are still high. The price of the lens of the LED tri-color light source is much higher than that of a color wheel, and the cooling system of the cooling medium is more expensive. Users who use new products must share the cost of research and development. Among them, the laser light source can borrow the original UHP light source platform, and there is a certain advantage in price and LED light source ratio. UHP wins on price. We gave UHP, LED, and LASER 10, 7 and 8 points, respectively.
6. Summary
To sum up the above, we look at the following table, respectively, in the above five items on various types of light source score. Before 2008, our products did not have such a flourishing distribution, the difference was minimal, and more was to look at the needs and preferences of users. Technological innovation brings more choices to customers. Customers can choose products according to their use times\times\brightness of the environment.
First, the importance of light sources in DLP systems
The light source in the DLP system is designed as an alternative component. Unlike the LCD and the LED, the light source part is an independent subsystem and generally consists of four parts: a light emitting component, a power supply component, a heat dissipation component, and a structural component. The light source subsystem is an important subsystem of the DLP system, which has a major impact on the DLP product and affects the design of the entire DLP system.
1, the light source determines the quality of the DLP system image
The selection of the light source determines the important index of the DLP system and determines the initial value of the system brightness, uniformity, and contrast. As the system providing light energy for the entire system, the image of the DLP system plays a decisive role.
2. The light source determines the stability of the DLP system
The light source system has a large amount of heat and a high temperature, and its stability plays a decisive role in the stability of the entire system. In the early stages of the development of the DLP system, many systems were designed as dual light systems to ensure the stability of the overall system because their stability cannot be fully guaranteed. Almost every early DLP manufacturing company has also experienced the nightmare of a continuous explosion of light and has gone through a difficult process of growth.
3, light source determines the maintenance cycle of DLP products
Due to the characteristics of the light source system, it is unavoidable that there are decay cycles, and the decay cycle of each product is relatively uncontrollable. This causes the product to have a relatively large change in color and brightness after being delivered to the customer for a certain period of time and needs maintenance. The period of maintenance is determined by the light source and other reasons, of which the light source plays a decisive role.
4, light source determines the maintenance cost of DLP products
Light sources are an important part of DLP products. The choice of different light sources will also have different costs for the maintenance of DLP. Because the development maturity of the light source technology is different and the service life is different, in the later period of maintenance, the original device price and update frequency that need to be updated are not all the same, thus resulting in the difference in the maintenance cost.
Second, the classification of common light sources
There are roughly four types of light sources in the DLP system: UHP, LED, LASER, and hybrid light sources. This article only discusses and compares the first three in detail.
1, UHP light source
The UHP (UltraHighPerformance) light source is the only available light source for DLP systems until 2010. UHP is an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, its long life, generally 100/120W nominal 8000 hours, the longest even nominal 12,000 hours, the cumulative working hours of 4000 hours after the brightness does not appear significant attenuation; 200/250W service life In about 3,000 hours. Because the light emitted by UHP bulbs is an ideal cold light source, it is now commonly used in front projection projectors and DLP and LCD (early rear projection large screen) rear projection splicing walls, the main providers of which are PHILIPS and OSRAM.
2, LED light source
The basic structure of an LED (Light Emitting Diode) is an electroluminescent semiconductor material placed on a leaded shelf and then sealed with an epoxy resin around it to protect the inner core. Therefore, the LED has good anti-vibration performance. LED began R&D in 2004 and continues to divide the market after 2010. Currently, it has occupied half of the DLP system. Its main providers are OSRAM and LUMENUS.
3, LASER light source
LASER light source is an electric light source that emits light under the action of stimulated radiation. It is a coherent light source. The LASER light source system began its research and development in 2008. It began segmenting the market in 2011. It is also used in high-brightness front projection such as digital cinema in the DLP display system, and it entered the DLP splicing system in 2012. Its main provider is NICHIA and so on.
4, hybrid light source (not described in detail)
Hybrid light source system, this article believes that the LED light source supplement, mainly to solve the problem of insufficient green light LED light source brightness, LED (R\B)+LASER (G) products began to appear in 2011.
Third, the working principle of various types of light source introduction 1, UHP light source works
The UHP light source is an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp that is activated by a high-voltage breakdown arc of 20 kV, and generally uses a fan as its heat dissipation method. The UHP light source emits white light through the transmission color wheel, producing a color whose size depends on the color distribution of the color wheel. For the sake of brightness, the white part is generally added to the color wheel to increase the brightness of the white color, but at the same time, the distribution of the color gamut is reduced. UHP light source has passed over 15 years of use, and it is technically mature and reliable. Due to the home appliances of some products, the cost is relatively low. UHP patents are mastered by PHILIPS and may later reach an average life of 20,000 hours.
2, the working principle of LED light source
An LED, that is, a light-emitting diode, is a semiconductor solid-state light-emitting device. Generally, a cooling medium is used as a heat-dissipating main mode. Because there are red, green, and blue LEDs of different colors, the LED light source system does not require a color wheel. However, due to the lack of brightness, it is currently necessary to work in the same color as three groups of lights. The early light intensity of the LED light source cannot be increased, and the green light is the brightness bottleneck. At present, DLP products equipped with OSRAM LED light source can reach a typical value of 1000lm, and fine selection of individual products can reach 1200lm, basically solving the problem of brightness. However, due to the multi-color multi-distribution, the attenuation of multiple LED light sources cannot be controlled. At present, the color drift is more dependent on the product design capabilities of various manufacturers.
3, LASER laser light source works
LASER is a laser light source, and the system consisting of red, green and blue three-color lasers is too large and the price is prohibitive. It is currently used in front projectors such as digital cinema. We are here to introduce the blue laser emitted by the laser generator, through the fluorescent pink wheel, changed to red, green, and blue. Some manufacturers use the laser plus pink wheel system as the LPD (Laser PhosphorDisplay) system. The products currently used in the splicing system are mostly fluorescent pink wheels. It is generally believed that the average lifetime of the laser generator is 40,000 hours, but there is no accurate estimate of the lifetime of the fluorescent pink wheel. The system is similar to the UHP light source system.
Fourth, on the reliability of the light source
There are many factors that can affect the reliability of the light source, and instead of using an LED light source, the average life span will be longer, and the design of the system will depend more on the entire system.
There are several factors that affect the life of the light source:
1, temperature and humidity
Regardless of the light source, the requirements of temperature and humidity are the first ones. The influence of temperature and humidity on lamp life is decisive. Regardless of UHP lamp or current LED lamp, lowering the temperature is the biggest problem for every designer. Every 10 degrees increase in temperature, the life of the light source is reduced by half. Increased humidity also reduces the life of the light source.
2, current and voltage
After the UHP lamp is triggered, it can ensure a stable voltage and current, and will not change with the change of the external voltage. However, in the early period when the brightness of the UHP lamp is not enough, some manufacturers may adjust the output current to make their products appear brighter. In the case that the brightness of the LED light cannot be guaranteed, some manufacturers overOVER 25% in order to increase the brightness of the product, and more manufacturers OVERLAP30%, the consequence is that the life expectancy is reduced.
3, dust and corrosion
Dust and corrosion are related to the use environment and the micro-environment of product design. Of course, dust is fatal to the entire DLP system. At present, manufacturers use various dust-proof systems to reduce the effects of dust and chemical corrosion. Of course, when the cooling and dustproof design contradictory bodies are put together, the design is very difficult.
4, other
Thermal distortion and optical path design of the mechanical structure also affect the reliability of the light source.
Fifth, the advantages and disadvantages of various types of light sources 1, brightness contrast
In terms of brightness contrast, LASER is the highest, UHP can use the dual lamp stacking form, it can also provide 1600lm brightness, in this PK, LED can not win. Due to the fact that the brightness of all kinds of light sources is basically enough, we gave UHP, LED, LASER 9 points, 8 points and 10 points respectively.
2, the average life expectancy
The average life is defined as the brightness of 50% of the light source is maintained at more than 50% of its rated brightness when operating to the above rated life.
UHP light source is still struggling to increase its life (up to 20000 hours later), LED light-emitting diode stability has been recognized, the brightness of the LASER light source due to the life of its fluorescent pink wheel can not be verified, temporarily set to 40,000 hours. This round of battle, LED light source wins. We gave UHP, LED, LASER 5 points, 10 points and 8 points respectively 3. Reliability comparison
The LED light source does not have a color wheel, reducing one optical part. The color wheel (COLORWHEEL) acts as a rotating machine and is rotated by a motor. The mean time between failures (MTBF) is basically 20,000 hours. The color wheel is the smallest part of the DLP system MTBF, and its impact on reliability is enormous. The general color wheel appears in consumables in the DLP system. Both the UHP light source and the LASER light source have color wheels. The LED light source reduces one consumable part. Still LED light source wins. We scored 9 points, 10 points and 7 points for UHP, LED and LASER.
4, maintenance cycle comparison
UHP light source and LASER light source (LPD) are a group of light sources, and their attenuation and color coordinate changes depend on a single part. The LED light source consists of three groups of different color lights, each group has six lights, the attenuation of different color lights The degree cannot be consistent, causing the color to drift too much and must be adjusted after a certain period of time. The above data is provided by the Color Technology Engineering Service Department. The maintenance time of the LASER light source is not confirmed. UHP wins this round, but none of them has reached the goal of maintenance-free. We give UHP, LED, and LASER 5, 3, and 4 points, respectively.
5, price comparison
The UHP light source has improved over the past 15 years, and the technology is very mature. There are fewer products to be updated on the system, and the prices of LED light sources and laser generators are still high. The price of the lens of the LED tri-color light source is much higher than that of a color wheel, and the cooling system of the cooling medium is more expensive. Users who use new products must share the cost of research and development. Among them, the laser light source can borrow the original UHP light source platform, and there is a certain advantage in price and LED light source ratio. UHP wins on price. We gave UHP, LED, and LASER 10, 7 and 8 points, respectively.
6. Summary
To sum up the above, we look at the following table, respectively, in the above five items on various types of light source score. Before 2008, our products did not have such a flourishing distribution, the difference was minimal, and more was to look at the needs and preferences of users. Technological innovation brings more choices to customers. Customers can choose products according to their use times\times\brightness of the environment.
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