First, planting beans in the Spring - soil preparation, fertilization
Beans enjoy a deep soil layer, choose a soil rich in organic matter, and have not planted beans in the previous year. It should be deepened 25cm before sowing, 5000kg of organic fertilizer per acre, 50kg of vegetable special compound fertilizer as base fertilizer, and then flattened to 1.2m wide. Little cockroach.
Second, spring planting beans - sowing, seedling
The cultivating seedlings of the beans in the open field were in late March, and the live broadcast of the open field was in mid-April. The seeding rate per acre is about 2.5kg. Seedlings are generally used in greenhouses, seeding 2-3 capsules per hole, pouring water, paying attention to heat preservation and control. When seedlings are selected, the seeds are quickly boiled with hot water at 80 ° C - 90 ° C, and then cold water is added to cool down, and the water temperature is maintained at 25 ° C - 30 ° C for 4 hours, and the seeds are sown after drying. After emergence, keep the temperature at 20 ~ 25 °C during the day to ensure that the seedlings grow neatly and robustly. Seed germination and seedling stage bed soil should not be too wet, so as not to reduce the germination rate, or cause the seedlings to grow, or even rotten dead seedlings.
Third, the spring planting beans - planting
When the seedlings of the nursery seedlings are 2 to 3 leaves, they are colonized. Open field cultivation can be planted in late April. Use a hole puncher to drill holes, transplant the root water after planting, and fill the fine soil and seal the fixed hole. Generally, two rows of beans are transplanted per raft, and the hole spacing is 20cm, 5000-5500 piers per mu.
Fourth, spring planting beans - field management
Before transplanting to the flowering, the beans are mainly controlled by water and cultivating roots, and appropriate seedlings are promoted to promote flowering and pod formation. After the pods, the fertilizer water should be fully supplied to promote flowering and pod growth. After flowering and pod-forming, the plants are usually topdressed 2 to 3 times, each time per mu, 5 to 15 kg of urea or 750 to 1000 kg of decomposed manure, the harvest period, with water topdressing once, can apply diamine 25kg or phosphoric acid Potassium hydrogen fluoride 25kg. After the beans are vines, they should be framed in time. The height is 2.0~2.5m. After the frame is set up, the vines should be introduced in time. The vines should be carried out in sunny afternoons. Do not carry them on rainy days or in the morning to prevent breakage. Reasonable pruning makes the stems evenly distributed and improves the utilization of light energy. Use the main vine and side vine pods to increase the number of inflorescences and their pods, extend the harvest period, and increase yield. To this end, properly select the side vines, choose to stay healthy and grow, the first inflorescence of the first side of the vine, the side vines growing above the main vine, after the first inflorescence, leave 4 to 5 leaves topping to increase The number of inflorescences, and promote the good development of the inflorescence; the main vine grows to the top of the scaffolding, and the vine grows to a top when it is about 2 m, promoting the formation of the accessory flower buds on each inflorescence.
V. Spring planting beans - pest control
The main diseases of the beans are rust, downy mildew, anthracnose, leaf spot, etc. The pests include aphids, red spiders, and pea pods.
Rust can be alternately sprayed with 20% triazolone 1500-2000 times solution or 40% DuPont Fuxing 4000 times solution or 50% Ghana gold 600-800 times solution at the beginning of the disease; 72% frost can be used for downy mildew 600-800 Double liquid or metalaxyl manganese-zinc alternate spray control; aphids can be sprayed with 1500-3000 times solution of Delik, 3% acetamiprid 3000 times solution, 98% Bataan 2500-3000 times solution, 10% imidacloprid 2000 times solution Red spider can be sprayed with 2% avermectin EC 6000 times liquid spray; Bean pod can be controlled by 2.5% deltamethrin 2000 times liquid or pyrethroid alternate spray.
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