1 The purpose of heating constitutes all kinds of fibers of clothing and clothing, all of which have thermoplasticity. The thermoplastic setting and thermoplastic denaturation of the garment must be achieved by heating to a certain temperature.
2, the role of heating in the ironing before the ironing, the fibers of the fabric are stretched, some are curled, and some are intertwined. In order to change the fiber's expansion and contraction and the density and direction of the warp and weft structure of the fabric, so that the thermoplastic deformation and thermoplastic shaping of the fabric must be heated by heating, the molecular reaction inside the fabric fiber can be active, due to the amorphous in the fiber. The structure of the zone is loose, the intermolecular force is relatively small, and the mobility of the molecular segments after heating is correspondingly increased, which causes a strong change in the internal structure of the fabric; deformation occurs under the action of stress. However, this thermal phenomenon is limited, and the fiber does not change much below 70 ° C. If the temperature continues to rise, the molecular activity begins to increase and deform. This deformation is an irreversible deformation. Heating is used to accelerate the movement of the fiber molecular chains in the fabric. And under the action of the corresponding force, the fiber chain is oriented in a new position, and the amorphous zone is changed into a shaped zone. Another function of heating is to dry and dehumidify the fabric to re-fix the fiber molecules for thermoplastic setting.
3. Heating temperature standard In the ironing of fabrics, there are certain requirements for the temperature. The temperature of each fabric fiber can be different. If the temperature exceeds the temperature of the fiber, the fabric will be destroyed. In severe cases, the cloth will melt. Therefore, the temperature at which the garment is ironed must be determined by the fiber properties of the fabric, in addition to other factors such as the thickness of the fabric. The higher the temperature, the better the setting effect, but the ironing temperature of various clothing materials should be lower than the dangerous temperature (decomposition temperature and melting point) to avoid damage to the appearance and performance of the garment. The various fibers constituting the clothing have different temperatures due to their different heat resistance properties. Different fabric fibers are different, and the required temperature is also different. If the temperature is too low, the moisture cannot be turned into steam, and the fiber cannot be made to move, and the ironing purpose is not achieved, and the ironing purpose is not achieved. On the contrary, the ironing temperature is too high, which will make the fiber yellow (the fabric color turns yellow), the hand feels hard, and even the carbonization decomposes, and the synthetic fiber shrinks, erodes and burns, so it is necessary to master the appropriate temperature to obtain the ideal. The ironing effect also avoids scalding the clothes and causing unnecessary losses.
4, ironing temperature unit of all kinds of clothing: °C
The name of the fiber is directly ironed and covered with a dry cloth covered with wet cloth. 180~200 200~220 220~240
Cotton 170~190 190~210 210~230
Wool 160~180 180~200 200~230
Silk 160~180 180~200 200~230
Silk 150~160 170~190 190~210
Polyester 150~170 170~190 190~210
Nylon 120~140 150~170 180~200
Weilun 120~140 150~170 180~200
Acrylic fiber 110~130 140~160 180~200
Polypropylene 80~100 130~150 160~180
Polyurethane 40~60 80~90 –
-The temperature of the silk fabric cheongsam is generally controlled at 120~160°C, and the wool cheongsam is generally controlled at 160~200°C.
5 Classification of heating methods: contact and non-contact
1) Contact heating; the heating body is in contact with the fabric for heat exchange, the heating body can be an iron, a touch tool, etc.; the heating body is heated by steam, electric heating, heat conduction oil heating, and the like.
2) Non-contact heating: steam heating, baking heating, infrared radiation heating, hot air heating, etc.
6 main factors affecting heating
When ironing, according to the texture and thickness of the fabric, adjust and master the temperature of the iron. The ironing temperature is the main factor affecting the ironing effect. Mastering the ironing temperature of various fabrics is a key issue in finishing garments. If the ironing temperature is too low, the ironing effect will not be achieved; if the ironing temperature is too high, the clothes will be ironed and damaged.
The ironing temperature of various fibers is also affected by various factors such as contact time, heating speed, moving speed, ironing pressure, presence or absence of cloth, thickness of the cloth, and moisture.
7 heating process requires orderly coordination, overall uniformity, uniform thickness, fast and effective second section of the principle of clothing ironing - humidification and humidification is to increase the moisture to the fabric to achieve a certain degree of humidity.
1, the purpose of humidification ironing clothes by the temperature is not good, the temperature is too high, easy to iron clothes, only rely on water can make heat quickly into the fiber inside, to achieve rapid heat transfer, shorten heating time, reduce its yield strength, Reduces resistance to deformation and does not damage fibers due to excessive temperatures. Achieving the maintenance of the fabric and achieving the purpose of ironing.
2. The role of moisture in ironing The garments are made of various fiber fabrics. In terms of fibers, both natural fibers and chemical fibers are composed of linear molecules. These molecules are freely aligned in the fiber. Inside the fiber, a portion in which the molecules are arranged in a tightly aligned manner is called a crystallization zone or a sizing zone, and a portion in which the molecular arrangement is loose and the columnarity is low is called an amorphous zone. When the fiber meets water, the water molecules enter the fiber along the tiny gaps in the amorphous zone of the fiber, causing the fiber to expand, loosen, and stretch, and after drying itself, it will return to its original fluffy state.
Moisture can promote the extrusion of fiber molecules, so that the fiber structure is in a state of expansion, looseness and stretching. With the lubrication of water molecules, the macromolecules inside the fiber are easy to move, easy to hot-press and shape, and finally achieve the purpose of heat setting. Ironing is to use this rule to wet the fabric and let it expand and stretch. Under the action of heat and pressure, the fabric is quickly dried, thereby changing the amorphous state of the fabric into a stereotyped state, achieving the purpose of ironing and shaping. . In this process, moisture is a prerequisite and cannot be accomplished without the action of water. Therefore, moisture is an important factor in fabric ironing.
3, the amount of water in the ironing in the ironing process of the fabric, there is a limit to the amount of water required. water
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