The art of olive carving began to develop from ancient China, and it has grown more and more with the age. But the original olive carvings were developed during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.
The nucleus is the waste of people after eating, but in the ancient times, the small nucleus became the carrier of the artist's imagination and the technique of applying the knife. The olive nucleus, peach nucleus and apricot nucleus are the preferred materials for nuclear carving. Its small size is extremely difficult, so in many carvings, nuclear carving is particularly valuable.
Compared with other sculptures such as stone carving, wood carving, brick carving, bamboo carving, corner carving and bone carving, nuclear carving is relatively late. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there is no big development in China's large-scale sculpture art, but the development of nuclear carving is alive. The most creative nuclear sculpture "Dongpo Night Tour Chibi" appeared in the Ming Dynasty.
In the early Ming Dynasty, nuclear carvings were particularly popular. At that time, the literati and the imperial courts hanged them together with the gold and jade articles. They used their decorative ornaments and fan pendants to show their special identity. In the folks, many walnuts are carved, and the perforations are hung on the body as "evil spirits". There are also accessories, fan pendants, beadings, etc. for the literati.
Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, nuclear carving has flourished in Jiangsu, Guangdong, Fujian, Shandong and other places in China, and the engraving theme is rich. Such as "eighteen arhats", "eight immortals crossing the sea", "Guan Gong", "boys and birthday stars", "Guanyin Bodhisattva", etc., are traditional varieties that artists like to engrave. The carving technique has been passed down from generation to generation after being carried forward in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. At present, there are many folk artists engaged in nuclear carving crafts in the Guangfu and Dongshan areas of Wuyang, Jiangsu and Wu County, Suzhou. Most of them are carved by the Eight Immortals, the Phoenix Opera Peony, the Panda Bamboo, the Monkey Boat, the Tigers, the Double Happiness Flower Basket, and the Flower and Bird Aquarius. Nowadays, some simple nuclear carvings are sold in the market, such as Luohantou, Guanyin and Songhe Boys. There are very few people who specialize in nuclear carving in Zhejiang. As far as I know, most of them are doing other engravings with some seals or hanging objects, but the number is very small. Mr. Chen Shuo of Hangzhou is mainly based on Zhiyin. However, he is also concerned about nuclear carving. He has tried to use nuclear carving to seal. His work is clever and extremely delicate.
The prosperity of the nuclear carving process in the Ming and Qing Dynasties created a group of folk artists. For example, Wang Shuyuan of Changshu in the Ming Dynasty pioneered the boat with the olive nucleus carving "Dongpo Night Tour Chibi", the boat on the boat, the Xuan awning, all things, and engraved five characters such as Su Dongpo, exquisitely expressive. Wei Xue's famous "Nuclear Zhou Ji" is a reflection of Wang Shuyuan's first creation of a nuclear boat. There are also Xia Baiyan of the Ming Dynasty. It is said that on an olive nucleus, sixteen babies are carved, each of which is only half a grain in size, but between the eyebrows, the mood of the anger is vivid, and the lotus birds are engraved with different postures. It was also called a must at the time. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi in Suzhou, there was an old man named Jin, who also known as the "Knowledge of the thorns and the dust". In the Qianlong period, Chen Zuzhang and Du Shiyuan were called "Ghosts", and Chen Zuzhang The representative boat is the "Dongpo Night Tour Chibi" nuclear boat. The boat is less than two inches long. There are awnings and windows. In addition to Su Dongpo, there are eight guests, such as guests, guest women, priests and book children. The characters are natural, quiet and super-easy. The paintings are exquisite, and the light and shadow are blurred under the magnifying glass. The bottom of the boat is full of red wall, and its knives and pens are incredible. Now Chen Zuzhang’s nuclear boat is still handed down and is hidden in the National Palace Museum in Taipei. During the Republic of China, Yin Genfu, a native of Xiangshan, Wu County, became a nuclear carving master with olive carvings.
Although Qing is the heyday of nuclear carving, there are not many nuclear carvings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The identification of the Ming and Qing nuclear carvings is mainly based on the characteristics of the historical records and materials selected. For the selection of materials for the Ming and Qing dynasties, the cores with large nuclear thickness, thick wall and tight texture are used. There are also production features that can be compared with the engraving techniques of bamboo, wood and tooth carving at that time. Because many famous carvings of bamboo, wood and tooth carvings were masters of nuclear carving at the time, they all had different styles.
In the Ming Dynasty, the nuclear sculpture was simple and honest, and the characters and animal models paid attention to the appearance rather than the detailed depiction. From the perspective of carving, the nuclear carvings of the Ming Dynasty were generally powerful and conspicuous, conspicuous and conspicuous, with clear lines and edges, and the connection between people and objects was not tight. The carvings were left with drill marks, and the grinders were thicker and left with knife marks.
In the Qing Dynasty, the nuclear sculpture was exquisite and exquisite. The characters and animal models focused on realism. The face sculptures were more focused on lifelikeness. The animals focused on dynamic performance. The carvings were strong and powerful, the lines were straight, the edges were smooth, the squares were in the rules, and the edges and corners were distinct. The connection between people and things is relatively dense, and there are few drill marks left in the eagle carvings. The embossed grounds are ground evenly, leaving a knife mark, and the grinding is fine. The nuclear carving threading holes are larger than the Ming and modern nuclear carvings.
At the time of identification of nuclear carving, attention should also be paid to nuclear color and patina. As the age goes on, the nuclear carving will gradually produce a deep orange-red and red sandalwood. However, if it is a fake nuclear color, the nuclear pulp is light orange and black. If you can memorize and master the components, shapes, and craftsmanship characteristics of ancient nuclear carvings in various eras, and be familiar with the evolution of other carving art styles in various periods, it will be of great help to identify the authenticity of ancient nuclear carvings.
Yongqing County Beguzhuang Yuxing Carving Workshop: http://
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