Drought is the most frequent occurrence of various types of meteorological disasters in China. The development of dry farming has become an urgent problem in agricultural production. The use of water-retaining agents is one of the water-saving measures for dry farming. First, the function of water retention agent 1. Water retention using water retention agent can effectively inhibit soil water evaporation. After the water infiltration agent is infiltrated into the soil, the evaporation of water is greatly inhibited, the saturated water content of the soil is increased, and the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil is also reduced, thereby slowing the release of water and reducing the evaporation of soil moisture.
Among the many crops, the water-retaining agent has a significant effect on the production of mountain peppers. The application of water-retaining agent in the planting of mountain peppers can improve the utilization of effective water in the arid area and overcome the adverse effects of water shortage on the growth and development of mountain peppers. . The slow seedling time, seedling survival rate, plant growth, number of single plants, single fruit traits and biological yield of pepper were promoted. The four kinds of water retaining agents, such as farmhouse rich, Haiming high-efficiency, water, and moist soil, have achieved remarkable yield-increasing effects.
Effect of water retaining agent in crop application
The application of water-retaining agent can make wheat and corn emerge early for 1 to 3 days, and the emergence rate is increased by 12.5% ​​to 20%. According to the statistics of seedling emergence of various crops such as wheat, corn, peanut and cotton, the average is 15% higher than that of no use, especially in the case of low soil water content, the emergence rate can be higher than the control by 10% to 33.4%. For transplanted crops, the water retaining agent can generally increase the seedling survival rate by 10% to 30%, and can shorten the slow seedling period by 5 to 7 days.
Promote the growth and development of crops. According to experimental research, after treatment of wheat seeds with water-retaining agent, the roots, tillers, stem diameter, plant height and panicle number of wheat increased compared with untreated wheat.
The application of water retaining agent has a general effect on increasing crop yield. The yield of winter wheat increased by 7.9% to 17.8%, the yield of corn increased by 8% to 14.9%, the yield of sweet potato increased by 66.5%, and the yield of peanut increased by 21%. The yield increase of other crops was 21.3% for cotton, 7.7% for millet, 8.1% for medlar, and 10.5% for sesame.
Application method of water retaining agent in crops
1. Wet-mixing coating The water-retaining agent is evenly sprinkled into the quantitative water, stirred to form a gel-like aqueous dispersion, and then the seeds are fully immersed therein, thoroughly mixed, and then poured out to form a film coating on the surface of the seed. Then you can sow. For small seeds such as alfalfa, millet, etc., it should be more conducive to sowing after drying or adding fine soil after drying. The metering coating was carried out using a water retaining agent: seed:water = 1:30:100 ratio.
2. Dry the coating and soak the seeds for more than 3 hours. After filtering, leave the seed surface free of water droplets and spread without any adhesion between the seeds. According to the ratio of water retention agent and seed 1:30, the water retention agent is evenly spread on the surface of the seed. The vibration or enthalpy is applied immediately after the coating of the seed skin forms a coating.
When adding water, it is not advisable to add too much water to avoid affecting the seed dry and granulated sowing. Depending on the crop seeds, it is advisable to add water to mix the seeds.
3. Granulation seed pellets are mixed with water-retaining agent, chemical fertilizer, trace elements, pesticides and humus uniformly sifted in a proportioned manner; put into pelletizing machine for granulation, and spray 0.1% to 0.3% of poly A vinyl alcohol mist to enhance the strength of the granulation.
4. Ditch application or acupoint application The dry granules of the water retention agent or the hydrogel prepared by adding water are directly applied into the planting groove, and then the subsequent planting is carried out.
5. Mix the soil with the water retention agent and the fine soil at a ratio of 1‰ to 3‰, and then apply it evenly into the cavity. After watering, cover the soil to fill the trench. The water retaining agent can also be mixed with NPK fertilizer, trace elements and plant growth regulators to become a soil conditioner and then applied.
6. Seedbed seedling substrate The water-retaining agent is mixed with perlite, humus, sand, etc. at a ratio of 1% to 5%, and then mixed with 45% of the soil, and then seedling transplanting is applied.
7. Fluid sowing The water-retaining agent is made into a hydrogel mixed with seeds at a ratio of 1:200, and directly sown into the soil by a special fluid seeder.
8. Mixed fertilizer water-retaining agent mixed with organic fertilizer, compound fertilizer and biological pesticide can prevent the loss of nutrients in the soil, ensure high yield and stable yield of plants, and avoid pollution caused by fertilizer loss, and at the same time have the function of retaining moisture. Helps plant root growth. The dosage should be determined according to the type of fertilizer. It is recommended to use a reference amount of water retention agent of 8 to 15%.
9. The roots of the water-retaining agent and natural water are made into a hydrogel at a ratio of 1:200. It can also be mixed with soil to form a slurry (water retention agent, natural water and soil at a ratio of 1:300:60). The roots are completely immersed in the hydrogel and the roots are planted with the roots.
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